POPULATION AND POVERTY IN INDONESIA

Abstract

Population and poverty are two interrelated factors in social and economic development in Indonesia. Rapid population growth, especially in urban areas, has increased pressure on natural resources and public facilities, which in turn has exacerbated poverty conditions in many areas. This research aims to analyze the relationship between changes in population structure and poverty levels in Indonesia. Using secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) as well as case studies in several provinces, this research shows that inequality in population distribution, low levels of education, and limited access to health services and formal employment are the main factors that exacerbate poverty. Apart from that, this research also highlights the government's efforts to reduce poverty through community empowerment programs and providing infrastructure, although the impact is still limited. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide deeper insight into strategies that are more effective in overcoming the problem of poverty, by considering population dynamics as one of the key factors.